弱目标检测前跟踪技术研究综述

该文阐述了弱目标检测前跟踪的基本原理,重点综述了近年来检测前跟踪技术的研究现状,包括动态规划、递归贝叶斯滤波、有限集统计学及直方图概率多假设跟踪等方法,对检测前跟踪技术的应用亦有相关介绍.最后在现有研究发展的基础上,着眼于提高针对弱目标的检测和跟踪性能及检测前跟踪算法鲁棒性的迫切需求,提出了检测前跟踪技术需重点关注和解决的若干问题,包括检测前跟踪算法的性能分析与评估、邻近弱目标检测前跟踪、机动弱目标的检测前跟踪、弱目标的多传感器融合检测和跟踪及弱目标的联合检测、跟踪与分类等方面.     

一种改进的视频序列超分辨率重建算法及应用

在凸集优化基础上,充分利用最大后验概率和凸集投影技术,提出了一种高效强鲁棒性视频序列分辨率提升算法。首先,在空域设计一个简单的预处理共轭梯度估计器,预测原始高分辨率图像;然后,在小波域分别创建帧间和帧内两个不同的凸集,并实施不同的投影运算,提取出隐含在相邻低分辨率图像中的细节信息;最后,利用空域估计器中相邻因子间的关系约束凸集投影解的可行域,保证快速获得图像重建的唯一最优解。仿真实验和实际交通监测系统应用结果均表明,该方法较其他方法不仅可获得更高的峰值信噪比和更好的可视化效果,而且收敛更快,鲁棒性更强。     

基于信息熵的机组运行劣化度综合指标

水轮发电机组故障诊断与运行状态评价课题是当前水电系统研究课题中的热点。首先从分析影响水电机组运行状态的相关参数出发,得到的故障熵指标反映了机组的故障发展和变化情况,融合了时域、频域和时频以外的一些信息,能有效地反映机组的运行状态。提出了机组运行状态综合劣化度的指标,机组运行劣化度综合指标结合了机组运行工况的信息和故障熵的长处,反映机组状态劣化的程度,是一种有效地表征机组状态是否劣化的参量。将上述指标在水轮发电机组进行了运行状态评价的实际应用,结果表明研究成果对机组的运行稳定评价是有效的。     

An X‐FEM and level set computational approach for image‐based modelling: Application to homogenization

The advances in material characterization by means of imaging techniques require powerful computational methods for numerical analysis. The present contribution focuses on highlighting the advantages of coupling the extended finite elements method and the level sets method, applied to solve microstructures with complex geometries. The process of obtaining the level set data starting from a digital image of a material structure and its input into an extended finite element framework is presented. The coupled method is validated using reference examples and applied to obtain homogenized properties for heterogeneous structures. Although the computational applications presented here are mainly two‐dimensional, the method is equally applicable for three‐dimensional problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fuzzy Parametric Programming Model for Integrated Solid Waste Management under Uncertainty

Solid waste management (SWM) is increasingly becoming a challenging task for the municipal authorities due to increasing waste quantities, changing waste composition, decreasing land availability for waste disposal sites, and increasing awareness about the associated environmental risk. This paper presents a fuzzy parametric programming model for the selection of the treatment and disposal facilities and optimum capacity planning and waste allocation under uncertainty associated with the long-term planning for SWM. The model dynamically locates the facilities and allocates the waste considering fuzzy waste quantities and capacities of waste-management facility in a multiperiod planning for integrated SWM. The model addresses uncertainty in waste quantity as well as uncertainties in the operating capacities of waste-management facilities. An example problem has been presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed model in making the planning decisions related to SWM and achieving an efficient plan. The model is solved at different levels of membership function for the alternative solutions with respect to objective. The example problem reveals that the uncertainty in the waste quantity is likely to affect the planning for waste treatment/disposal facilities more as compared with the uncertainty in the capacities of the waste-management facilities. The relationship between increase in waste quantity and increase in the total cost involved in waste management is found to be nonlinear. The modeling results are useful for generating a range of decision alternatives under various economic conditions. They are valuable for analyzing the existing waste-management practices, the long-term capacity planning for the city’s waste-management system, and the identification of desired policies regarding waste generation and management.     

典型水轮发电机组检修实操的仿真培训系统

针对湖南省两座典型水电站立轴混流式机组和灯泡贯流式机组的实际检修过程,运用三维建模软件,结合三维计算机图形处理技术、计算机通讯及数据库技术,依托三维引擎OpenSceneGraph,开发了典型水轮发电机组检修实操的仿真培训系统。该系统通过构建检修三维模型库、检修流程仿真机、检修实操题库,在三维交互平台上模拟机组大件吊装和重要部件解体拆分的详细流程,合理的控制约束使用户交互操作自由且具体,为培养水电站检修人员提供了更具专业综合性的平台。     

基于粗糙集的快速车牌字符识别技术

为了解决传统识别技术在车牌字符识别时效率低的问题,本文提出了一种基于粗糙集高效属性约简算法的快速车牌识别技术,该方法首先根据训练样本集的特征向量建立决策表并对决策表进行二次离散化处理,然后应用粗糙集理论对决策表进行高效属性约简,最后从约简后的决策表中获取决策规则,按照规则可信度的大小进行规则的匹配。实验表明该方法有效地压缩了图像的特征数,并简化了规则匹配算法,提高了字符识别率及识别速度,在车牌字符识别中取得了较好的识别效果。     

Web-based design review of fuel pumps using fuzzy set theory

While product design and development has received significant attention over the past years, the activity of Design Review (DR) has not been dealt with at the equal level, despite its paramount importance. This can be easily observed from the scarce literature and ad hoc approach in industrial practices. Few Product Data Management (PDM) systems provide facilities for design review due to the lack of rigorous DR methodologies. This paper proposes a systematic and rigorous methodology for more efficient and effective DR by applying and extending the Suh’s well-known Theory of Axiomatic Design (TAD) into a Systematic Theory of Axiomatic design Review (STAR). The resulting STAR framework is well-structured and generic enough not only to act as the basis for developing a web-based design review portal in the extended enterprise, but also to accommodate specific design review techniques such as FuzzySTAR (Fuzzy Set Theory Approach to design Review) used for reviewing the fuel pump design case study.     

聚乙烯装置造粒机组的节能增效措施

造粒机组能耗占聚乙烯生产成本的比重很大,通过合理布置管路与设备,选取最佳工艺参数,并采用变频技术等行之有效的措施,有效增强了设备运行平稳率,降低造粒机组的能耗,提升产品效益空间。     

城镇燃气管道泄漏事故树风险分析

城市燃气管道主要分布在人口和建筑物集中的区域,一旦破坏发生泄漏将对周围的人员及财产造成严重威胁。因此,有必要对其威胁进行风险分析。通过应用一种重要而常用的系统安全分析方法—事故树分析法(FTA)对城镇地下燃气管道遭受第三方破坏所致的泄漏事故进行了分析,建立了相应事故树模型。采用布尔代数化简法计算出事故树最小径集并对各基本原因事件的结构重要度进行排序。结合最小径集包含的各事件及结构重要度排序分析,可以确定事故管理的主要对象,并提出减少事故的措施,为确定安全对策提供可靠依据。